Cote n° 29 · pages 11–215
· 218 displayed formulas · Groupe fondamental [Autour de SGA 4 et SGA 7] : lettres (1959, 1967, 1969), tapuscrits et copies de tapuscrit annotés (s.d.), notes manuscrites (s.d.).
Inventory dating : 1959-1969
Édition de démonstration
\[B \;=\; A\,[T_1,\dots,T_r]\,/\,(T_1^{\,n_1}-x_1,\;\dots,\;T_r^{\,n_r}-x_r)\]
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\[
B \;=\; A\,[T_1,\dots,T_r]\,/\,(T_1^{\,n_1}-x_1,\;\dots,\;T_r^{\,n_r}-x_r)
\]\[\underline{C} \longrightarrow (\mathrm{Sch}) .\]
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\[
\underline{C} \longrightarrow (\mathrm{Sch}) .
\]\[\underline{r} : \mathrm{Rev}_{\underline{R}}(S) \longrightarrow (\mathrm{Sch})_{/S} .\]
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\[
\underline{r} : \mathrm{Rev}_{\underline{R}}(S) \longrightarrow (\mathrm{Sch})_{/S} .
\]\[(*) \qquad \underline{r} : \underline{\mathrm{Rev}}^{\underline{R}}
\longrightarrow \underline{\mathrm{Rev}} ,\]
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\[
(*) \qquad \underline{r} : \underline{\mathrm{Rev}}^{\underline{R}}
\longrightarrow \underline{\mathrm{Rev}} ,
\]\[F : \mathrm{Rev}^{\underline{R}}(S) \longrightarrow (\text{Ens finis}) ,\]
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\[
F : \mathrm{Rev}^{\underline{R}}(S) \longrightarrow (\text{Ens finis}) ,
\]\[f^{\circ} : \underline{Et}_S \longrightarrow \underline{Et}_T .\]
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\[
f^{\circ} : \underline{Et}_S \longrightarrow \underline{Et}_T .
\]\[u(M) : \underline{s}_T(M \times_S T) \longrightarrow
\underline{s}_S(M) \times_S T\]
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\[
u(M) : \underline{s}_T(M \times_S T) \longrightarrow
\underline{s}_S(M) \times_S T
\]\[\hat{A}^{(x,y)} = k[[x,y]]\]
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\[ \hat{A}^{(x,y)} = k[[x,y]] \]\[\pi_1(X_{\bar y}, \xi) \to \pi_1(X, \xi) \to \pi_1(Y, \zeta) \to 0\]
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\[ \pi_1(X_{\bar y}, \xi) \to \pi_1(X, \xi) \to \pi_1(Y, \zeta) \to 0 \]\[H^1(X, G) \longrightarrow \prod_i H^1(X_i, G)\]
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\[ H^1(X, G) \longrightarrow \prod_i H^1(X_i, G) \]
\[C = \bar X^n \times_{\mathbf{P}^r_k} L^{r-n+1}\]
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\[ C = \bar X^n \times_{\mathbf{P}^r_k} L^{r-n+1} \]\[\pi_1(C) \longrightarrow \pi_1(X)\]
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\[ \pi_1(C) \longrightarrow \pi_1(X) \]
\[\struck{\pi_1^t(X)} \quad \pi \longrightarrow \pi' \times \pi''\]
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\[ \struck{\pi_1^t(X)} \quad \pi \longrightarrow \pi' \times \pi'' \]\[\pi_1'(X \times Y) \;\xrightarrow{\ \sim\ }\; \pi_1'(X) \times \pi_1'(Y).\]
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\[ \pi_1'(X \times Y) \;\xrightarrow{\ \sim\ }\; \pi_1'(X) \times \pi_1'(Y). \]\[\pi_1(X \times Y) \;\xrightarrow{\ \mathrm{surj}\ }\;
\pi_1(X) \times \pi_1(Y)\]
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\[ \pi_1(X \times Y) \;\xrightarrow{\ \mathrm{surj}\ }\;
\pi_1(X) \times \pi_1(Y) \]\[\pi_1(Y) \longrightarrow \pi_1(X) \qquad (X \text{ normal})\]
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\[ \pi_1(Y) \longrightarrow \pi_1(X) \qquad (X \text{ normal}) \]\[\pi_1(X) \qquad\qquad
\struck{\pi_1(Y) \to \pi_1(X) \leftarrow \pi_1(X - Y)}\]
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\[ \pi_1(X) \qquad\qquad
\struck{\pi_1(Y) \to \pi_1(X) \leftarrow \pi_1(X - Y)} \]\[X = \bar X - \bar X \cap Y,\]
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\[ X = \bar X - \bar X \cap Y, \]
\[X_u = X \times_{\mathbf{P}^r_k} L_u
= X_K \times_{\mathbf{P}^r_K} L_u.\]
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\[ X_u = X \times_{\mathbf{P}^r_k} L_u
= X_K \times_{\mathbf{P}^r_K} L_u. \]\[\pi_1(U) \longrightarrow \pi_1(X)\]
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\[ \pi_1(U) \longrightarrow \pi_1(X) \]
\[\pi_1(U, \Omega) \longrightarrow
\varprojlim_{X \text{ modèle propre}} \pi_1(X, \Omega)\]
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\[ \pi_1(U, \Omega) \longrightarrow
\varprojlim_{X \text{ modèle propre}} \pi_1(X, \Omega) \]\[\underline{\mathrm{Pic}}^{\tau}_Y \longrightarrow
\underline{\mathrm{Pic}}^{\tau}_X\]
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\[ \underline{\mathrm{Pic}}^{\tau}_Y \longrightarrow
\underline{\mathrm{Pic}}^{\tau}_X \]\[\mathrm{Pic}(X) \xrightarrow{\ \sim\ } \mathrm{Pic}(U),\]
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\[ \mathrm{Pic}(X) \xrightarrow{\ \sim\ } \mathrm{Pic}(U), \]\[f^{*} : H^1(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y) \longrightarrow H^1(X, \mathcal{O}_X)\]
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\[ f^{*} : H^1(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y) \longrightarrow H^1(X, \mathcal{O}_X) \]\[H^1(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y)^F \longrightarrow H^1(X, \mathcal{O}_X)^F\]
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\[ H^1(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y)^F \longrightarrow H^1(X, \mathcal{O}_X)^F \]\[{}_F H^1(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y) \longrightarrow {}_F H^1(X, \mathcal{O}_X)\]
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\[ {}_F H^1(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y) \longrightarrow {}_F H^1(X, \mathcal{O}_X) \]\[H^1(Y, \mathbf{Z}/p\mathbf{Z}) \longrightarrow
H^1(X, \mathbf{Z}/p\mathbf{Z})\]
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\[ H^1(Y, \mathbf{Z}/p\mathbf{Z}) \longrightarrow
H^1(X, \mathbf{Z}/p\mathbf{Z}) \]\[H^0(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y / \mathcal{O}_Y^{p^{\nu}}) \longrightarrow
H^0(X, \mathcal{O}_X / \mathcal{O}_X^{p^{\nu}})\]
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\[ H^0(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y / \mathcal{O}_Y^{p^{\nu}}) \longrightarrow
H^0(X, \mathcal{O}_X / \mathcal{O}_X^{p^{\nu}}) \]\[f^{*} : H^0(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y^{p^{-\nu}} / \mathcal{O}_Y) \longrightarrow
H^0(X, \mathcal{O}_X^{p^{-\nu}} / \mathcal{O}_X)\]
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\[ f^{*} : H^0(Y, \mathcal{O}_Y^{p^{-\nu}} / \mathcal{O}_Y) \longrightarrow
H^0(X, \mathcal{O}_X^{p^{-\nu}} / \mathcal{O}_X) \]\[\dim \underline{\mathrm{Pic}}_{X/k} \leq n(K/k)\]
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\[ \dim \underline{\mathrm{Pic}}_{X/k} \leq n(K/k) \]\[\bar K = K \otimes_k \bar k\]
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\[ \bar K = K \otimes_k \bar k \]
\[\dim \underline{\mathrm{Pic}}_{X/k} = \tfrac{1}{2}\,
\mathrm{rang}_{\mathbf{Z}_{\ell}}
\left(\text{partie } \ell\text{-primaire de } \pi_1(X/k)
\text{ rendu abélien}\right)\]
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\[ \dim \underline{\mathrm{Pic}}_{X/k} = \tfrac{1}{2}\,
\mathrm{rang}_{\mathbf{Z}_{\ell}}
\left(\text{partie } \ell\text{-primaire de } \pi_1(X/k)
\text{ rendu abélien}\right) \]\[0 \to T \to A^{\sharp} \to B \to 0. \tag{\struck{1}7.2.2}\]
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\[ 0 \to T \to A^{\sharp} \to B \to 0. \tag{\struck{1}7.2.2} \]\[A^{\sharp}_{n} \simeq A_{n} \tag{7.2.3}\]
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\[ A^{\sharp}_{n} \simeq A_{n} \tag{7.2.3} \]\[(A^{\sharp})^{\wedge} \simeq \hat{A}, \tag{7.\struck{3}2.4}\]
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\[ (A^{\sharp})^{\wedge} \simeq \hat{A}, \tag{7.\struck{3}2.4} \]\[T_{o \cdot X} X' \to T_{o \cdot S} S'\]
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\[ T_{o \cdot X} X' \to T_{o \cdot S} S' \]\[T_{o \cdot X} X' = T'_{o}\]
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\[ T_{o \cdot X} X' = T'_{o} \]\[e \to I_{o} \to \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D, \bar{\xi}_{1}) \to
\pi_{1}^{t}(X_{o}/D'_{o}, \bar{\xi}_{o}) \to e\]
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\[ e \to I_{o} \to \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D, \bar{\xi}_{1}) \to
\pi_{1}^{t}(X_{o}/D'_{o}, \bar{\xi}_{o}) \to e \]\[\struck{\ill{}} \to \mu^{\infty}_{X_{o}, \mathrm{tame}}(\bar{\xi}_{o}) \to
I_{o} \to o\]
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\[ \struck{\ill{}} \to \mu^{\infty}_{X_{o}, \mathrm{tame}}(\bar{\xi}_{o}) \to
I_{o} \to o \]\[\mu(\bar{\xi}_{o}) \to \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D) \to
\pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{U}) \to e\]
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\[ \mu(\bar{\xi}_{o}) \to \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D) \to
\pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{U}) \to e \]\[\alpha \struck{\ill{}} \in H^{2}(\pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{U}), I_{o})\]
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\[ \alpha \struck{\ill{}} \in H^{2}(\pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{U}), I_{o}) \]\[o \to H^{2}(\pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{U}), I) \xrightarrow{\;\rho\;} H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, I)
\to H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, I_{o})^{\pi_{1}^{t}} \to H^{3}(\pi_{1}^{t}, I)\]
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\[ o \to H^{2}(\pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{U}), I) \xrightarrow{\;\rho\;} H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, I)
\to H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, I_{o})^{\pi_{1}^{t}} \to H^{3}(\pi_{1}^{t}, I) \]\[H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, I_{o})^{\pi_{1}^{t}} =
\mathrm{Hom}(\pi_{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}), I)^{\pi_{1}^{t}} =
\mathrm{Hom}(\pi_{2}^{t}(\mathcal{U}), I)^{\pi_{1}^{t}}\]
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\[ H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, I_{o})^{\pi_{1}^{t}} =
\mathrm{Hom}(\pi_{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}), I)^{\pi_{1}^{t}} =
\mathrm{Hom}(\pi_{2}^{t}(\mathcal{U}), I)^{\pi_{1}^{t}} \]\[\mathcal{L}_{X_{o}/\mathcal{X}} \simeq i^{*}(\underline{L}(X_{o})).\]
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\[ \mathcal{L}_{X_{o}/\mathcal{X}} \simeq i^{*}(\underline{L}(X_{o})). \]\[\rho(\alpha) = \sigma(\beta).\]
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\[ \rho(\alpha) = \sigma(\beta). \]
\[H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, \mu) \to H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, I) \to
H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, I_{o}) = \mathrm{Hom}(\pi_{2}^{t}(\mathcal{U}),
I_{o})\]
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\[ H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, \mu) \to H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, I) \to
H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, I_{o}) = \mathrm{Hom}(\pi_{2}^{t}(\mathcal{U}),
I_{o}) \]\[\pi_{2}^{t}(\mathcal{U}) = H_{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}) \qquad
\struck{\ill{}} \qquad \pi_{2}^{t}(\mathcal{U}) \to H_{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t})\]
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\[ \pi_{2}^{t}(\mathcal{U}) = H_{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}) \qquad
\struck{\ill{}} \qquad \pi_{2}^{t}(\mathcal{U}) \to H_{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}) \]\[\mathrm{Im}\, \beta \in \ker\!\left(H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, I'_{o}) \to
H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, I'_{o})\right) \simeq H^{2}(\pi_{1}^{t},
I'_{o}),\]
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\[ \mathrm{Im}\, \beta \in \ker\!\left(H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, I'_{o}) \to
H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, I'_{o})\right) \simeq H^{2}(\pi_{1}^{t},
I'_{o}), \]\[o \to \pi'_{1} \to \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D)\]
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\[ o \to \pi'_{1} \to \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D) \]\[\mu_{o} \to I_{o} \to \ill\]
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\[ \mu_{o} \to I_{o} \to \ill \]\[\beta \;(\in H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, \mu)) \quad\text{dans}\quad
H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, \mathcal{J}_{o})\]
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\[ \beta \;(\in H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, \mu)) \quad\text{dans}\quad
H^{2}(\tilde{\mathcal{U}}^{t}, \mathcal{J}_{o}) \]\[H^{2}(\mathcal{X}, \mu_{o}) \to H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{J}_{o}).\]
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\[ H^{2}(\mathcal{X}, \mu_{o}) \to H^{2}(\mathcal{U}, \mathcal{J}_{o}). \]\[\beta_{o} = n\gamma_{o} + \sum \lambda_{i} \beta_{o}^{i},\]
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\[ \beta_{o} = n\gamma_{o} + \sum \lambda_{i} \beta_{o}^{i}, \]\[\beta \in \ill \; \mathrm{Pic}(X_{m})\]
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\[ \beta \in \ill \; \mathrm{Pic}(X_{m}) \]\[\mathrm{Pic}(X_{m}) \to \mathrm{Pic}(X_{o})\]
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\[ \mathrm{Pic}(X_{m}) \to \mathrm{Pic}(X_{o}) \]\[\mathrm{Pic}(\mathcal{X}) = \varprojlim \mathrm{Pic}(X_{m}) \to
\mathrm{Pic}(X_{o}),\]
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\[ \mathrm{Pic}(\mathcal{X}) = \varprojlim \mathrm{Pic}(X_{m}) \to
\mathrm{Pic}(X_{o}), \]\[{}_{n}\mathrm{Pic}(\mathcal{X}) \to {}_{n}\!\left(\mathrm{Pic}(\mathcal{X})/\ill\right)\]
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\[ {}_{n}\mathrm{Pic}(\mathcal{X}) \to {}_{n}\!\left(\mathrm{Pic}(\mathcal{X})/\ill\right) \]\[\pi_{2}^{t}(X_{o}/D'_{o}, \bar{\xi}_{o}) \to
\mu^{\infty}_{X_{o}, t}(\bar{\xi}_{o}) \to \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D,
\bar{\xi}_{1}) \to \pi_{1}^{t}(X_{o}/D'_{o}, \bar{\xi}_{o}) \to o\]
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\[ \pi_{2}^{t}(X_{o}/D'_{o}, \bar{\xi}_{o}) \to
\mu^{\infty}_{X_{o}, t}(\bar{\xi}_{o}) \to \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D,
\bar{\xi}_{1}) \to \pi_{1}^{t}(X_{o}/D'_{o}, \bar{\xi}_{o}) \to o \]\[\alpha \in H^{2}\!\left(X_{o} \struck{- D_{o}},\;
\mu^{\infty}_{X_{o}, \mathrm{tame}}\right)\]
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\[ \alpha \in H^{2}\!\left(X_{o} \struck{- D_{o}},\;
\mu^{\infty}_{X_{o}, \mathrm{tame}}\right) \]\[\pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D, \bar{\xi}_{1}) \simeq \pi_{1}^{t}(X_{o}/D'_{o},
\bar{\xi}_{o}).\]
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\[ \pi_{1}^{t}(\mathcal{X}/D, \bar{\xi}_{1}) \simeq \pi_{1}^{t}(X_{o}/D'_{o},
\bar{\xi}_{o}). \]\[\left(\simeq \prod_{\ell \in D'_{o}} (\mathbb{Z}/\ell\mathbb{Z})^{*}\right),\]
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\[ \left(\simeq \prod_{\ell \in D'_{o}} (\mathbb{Z}/\ell\mathbb{Z})^{*}\right), \]\[\mu^{\infty}_{t, X_{o}} = \prod_{\ell \in S} \mu^{\infty}(\ell)_{X_{o}}.\]
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\[ \mu^{\infty}_{t, X_{o}} = \prod_{\ell \in S} \mu^{\infty}(\ell)_{X_{o}}. \]\[\struck{\ill{}} \prod_{\ell} T_{\ell}(\Omega^{*}) \to I_{i}\]
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\[ \struck{\ill{}} \prod_{\ell} T_{\ell}(\Omega^{*}) \to I_{i} \]\[\struck{\ill{}} \; \mu_{\underline{n}} = \prod \mu_{n_{i}} \qquad
(\underline{n} = (n_{1}, \ldots, n_{r})) \quad \text{sur } X.\]
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\[ \struck{\ill{}} \; \mu_{\underline{n}} = \prod \mu_{n_{i}} \qquad
(\underline{n} = (n_{1}, \ldots, n_{r})) \quad \text{sur } X. \]\[1 \to \mu_{\underline{n}} \to G \to \Gamma \to 1\]
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\[ 1 \to \mu_{\underline{n}} \to G \to \Gamma \to 1 \]\[X' \to \tilde{X}_{1} \to X\]
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\[ X' \to \tilde{X}_{1} \to X \]\[\tilde{X}[T_{1}, \ldots, T_{r}] \big/ \left(T_{1}^{n_{1}} - a_{1}, \ldots,
T_{r}^{n_{r}} - a_{r}\right)\]
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\[ \tilde{X}[T_{1}, \ldots, T_{r}] \big/ \left(T_{1}^{n_{1}} - a_{1}, \ldots,
T_{r}^{n_{r}} - a_{r}\right) \]\[\tilde{X} \times^{\Gamma} \mu \simeq \mu_{\underline{n}}\]
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\[ \tilde{X} \times^{\Gamma} \mu \simeq \mu_{\underline{n}} \]\[H^{2}(B_{\Gamma}, \mu) \xrightarrow{\;\varphi\;} H^{2}(X, \mu_{\underline{n}})
\simeq \prod H^{2}(X, \mu_{n_{i}})\]
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\[ H^{2}(B_{\Gamma}, \mu) \xrightarrow{\;\varphi\;} H^{2}(X, \mu_{\underline{n}})
\simeq \prod H^{2}(X, \mu_{n_{i}}) \]\[H^{2}(X, \mu_{\underline{n}}) = H^{2}\!\left(B_{\Gamma}/(\tilde{X}, \Gamma),
\mu\right)\]
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\[ H^{2}(X, \mu_{\underline{n}}) = H^{2}\!\left(B_{\Gamma}/(\tilde{X}, \Gamma),
\mu\right) \]\[\xi_{i} = c\!\left(\mathcal{O}_{X}(D_{i})\right) \pmod{n_{i}}.\]
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\[ \xi_{i} = c\!\left(\mathcal{O}_{X}(D_{i})\right) \pmod{n_{i}}. \]\[X_{\underline{a}}(\underline{b}) = X^{-}_{\underline{b}}(\underline{a}),
\qquad \text{d'où} \qquad v\big(X_{\underline{a}}(\underline{b})\big) =
v\big(X^{-}_{\underline{b}}(\underline{a})\big).\]
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\[ X_{\underline{a}}(\underline{b}) = X^{-}_{\underline{b}}(\underline{a}),
\qquad \text{d'où} \qquad v\big(X_{\underline{a}}(\underline{b})\big) =
v\big(X^{-}_{\underline{b}}(\underline{a})\big). \]\[i(X_{a}, b) = i(X^{-}_{b}, a).\]
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\[ i(X_{a}, b) = i(X^{-}_{b}, a). \]\[i(X_{\underline{a}}, \underline{b}) = i(X^{-}_{\underline{b}},
\underline{a}).\]
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\[ i(X_{\underline{a}}, \underline{b}) = i(X^{-}_{\underline{b}},
\underline{a}). \]\[1 \longrightarrow I \longrightarrow G \longrightarrow \Gamma \longrightarrow
1\]
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\[ 1 \longrightarrow I \longrightarrow G \longrightarrow \Gamma \longrightarrow 1 \]
\[\alpha \in H^{2}(\Gamma, I)\]
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\[ \alpha \in H^{2}(\Gamma, I) \]\[\alpha \in H^{2}(X, \tilde{X} \times^{\Gamma} I),\]
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\[ \alpha \in H^{2}(X, \tilde{X} \times^{\Gamma} I), \]\[\tilde{D} \times^{\Gamma} I \;\simeq\; \prod_{i} \mu_{n_{i}, D} \quad
\text{sur } D\]
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\[ \tilde{D} \times^{\Gamma} I \;\simeq\; \prod_{i} \mu_{n_{i}, D} \quad
\text{sur } D \]\[I_{\tilde{X}} \simeq \mu_{\underline{n}}\]
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\[ I_{\tilde{X}} \simeq \mu_{\underline{n}} \]\[I_{i} \simeq \mu, \qquad c\big(\mathcal{O}_{X}(D)\big) \in H^{2}(X,
\mu_{\underline{n}}),\]
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\[ I_{i} \simeq \mu, \qquad c\big(\mathcal{O}_{X}(D)\big) \in H^{2}(X,
\mu_{\underline{n}}), \]\[c\big(T_{D/X}\big) \in H^{2}(D, \mu_{\underline{n}}), \quad \text{fibré
normal.}\]
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\[ c\big(T_{D/X}\big) \in H^{2}(D, \mu_{\underline{n}}), \quad \text{fibré
normal.} \]\[\begin{equation*}
(6.4) \qquad f g f^{-1} = g^{q}
\end{equation*}\]
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\begin{equation*}
(6.4) \qquad f g f^{-1} = g^{q}
\end{equation*}\[F G F^{-1} = G^{q}.\]
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\[ F G F^{-1} = G^{q}. \]\[\lambda \longmapsto \lambda^{q}.\]
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\[ \lambda \longmapsto \lambda^{q}. \]\[H^{2}(X, M) = \operatorname{Hom}\nolimits_{\mathrm{cont}}\big(\pi_{2}(X),
M\big).\]
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\[ H^{2}(X, M) = \operatorname{Hom}\nolimits_{\mathrm{cont}}\big(\pi_{2}(X),
M\big). \]\[Z = \operatorname{Spec} \hat{\mathcal{O}}_{X,a}\]
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\[ Z = \operatorname{Spec} \hat{\mathcal{O}}_{X,a} \]\[X_{T'} \cap X_{T''} = p\]
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\[ X_{T'} \cap X_{T''} = p \]\[P = QQ', \qquad QR + Q'R' = 1, \qquad (P) = (Q)(Q') = (Q) \cap (Q')\]
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\[ P = QQ', \qquad QR + Q'R' = 1, \qquad (P) = (Q)(Q') = (Q) \cap (Q') \]
\[A[t]/(P) \longrightarrow A[t]/(Q) \times A[t]/(Q')\]
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\[ A[t]/(P) \longrightarrow A[t]/(Q) \times A[t]/(Q') \]
\[A/(QQ') \longrightarrow A/Q \times A/Q'\]
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\[ A/(QQ') \longrightarrow A/Q \times A/Q' \]
\[Q \cap Q' = Q\,Q'\,(Q + Q') \subset Q'Q + QQ' = QQ'\]
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\[ Q \cap Q' = Q\,Q'\,(Q + Q') \subset Q'Q + QQ' = QQ' \]
\[A/Q\,Q' \longrightarrow A/Q \times A/Q' \quad \text{surjectif}\]
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\[ A/Q\,Q' \longrightarrow A/Q \times A/Q' \quad \text{surjectif} \]\[Q + Q' = A \iff QQ' = Q \cap Q'\]
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\[ Q + Q' = A \iff QQ' = Q \cap Q' \]
\[J J' = R, \qquad J + J' = A\]
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\[ J J' = R, \qquad J + J' = A \]
\[(P) = (Q)\,(Q'),\]
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\[ (P) = (Q)\,(Q'), \]
\[A \text{ anneau local}, \qquad \hat{A} \text{ son complété}\]
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\[ A \text{ anneau local}, \qquad \hat{A} \text{ son complété} \]\[X = \operatorname{Spec}(A), \qquad \hat{X}\]
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\[ X = \operatorname{Spec}(A), \qquad \hat{X} \]\[D \text{ partie fermée}, \qquad \hat{D}\]
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\[ D \text{ partie fermée}, \qquad \hat{D} \]\[\hat{Y} \hookrightarrow \hat{Z}, \qquad \hat{Y} \times_{\hat{S}} \hat{Z}\]
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\[ \hat{Y} \hookrightarrow \hat{Z}, \qquad \hat{Y} \times_{\hat{S}} \hat{Z} \]\[A \longrightarrow A' \longrightarrow \hat{A} = \hat{A}'\]
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\[ A \longrightarrow A' \longrightarrow \hat{A} = \hat{A}' \]\[\pi_{1}(Y_{\bar{t}}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}(X)\]
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\[ \pi_{1}(Y_{\bar{t}}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}(X) \]\[\begin{equation*}
(*) \qquad \pi_{1}(Y_{\bar{t}}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}(X_{\bar{t}})
\end{equation*}\]
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\begin{equation*}
(*) \qquad \pi_{1}(Y_{\bar{t}}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}(X_{\bar{t}})
\end{equation*}\[\begin{equation*}
(**) \qquad \pi_{1}^{!}(X_{\bar{t}}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}^{!}(X_{\bar{t}})
\end{equation*}\]
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\begin{equation*}
(**) \qquad \pi_{1}^{!}(X_{\bar{t}}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}^{!}(X_{\bar{t}})
\end{equation*}\[\pi_{1}(Y_{\bar{t}}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}(X) \; \big(\simeq
\pi_{1}(X_{\bar{t}}) \text{ par le théorème de changement de base}\big)\]
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\[ \pi_{1}(Y_{\bar{t}}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}(X) \; \big(\simeq
\pi_{1}(X_{\bar{t}}) \text{ par le théorème de changement de base}\big) \]\[\pi_{1}^{t}(U_{t}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}^{t}(U)\]
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\[ \pi_{1}^{t}(U_{t}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}^{t}(U) \]\[\pi_{1}^{t}(D - \check{D}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}^{t}(P - \check{X}),\]
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\[ \pi_{1}^{t}(D - \check{D}) \longrightarrow \pi_{1}^{t}(P - \check{X}), \]\[\begin{equation*}
(2.1) \qquad \phi(G_{\xi}) \subset H_{\bar{f}'(\xi)}.
\end{equation*}\]
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\begin{equation*}
(2.1) \qquad \phi(G_{\xi}) \subset H_{\bar{f}'(\xi)}.
\end{equation*}\[\begin{equation*}
(3.1) \qquad I = \prod_{\ell \neq p} \underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)\big(k(\bar{x})
\big)^{C} = \prod_{\ell \neq p} T_{\ell}\big(k(\bar{x})\big)^{C},
\end{equation*}\]
LaTeX source
\begin{equation*}
(3.1) \qquad I = \prod_{\ell \neq p} \underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)\big(k(\bar{x})
\big)^{C} = \prod_{\ell \neq p} T_{\ell}\big(k(\bar{x})\big)^{C},
\end{equation*}\[\bar{f}^{*}(\bar{E}_{c'}) = \sum_{c} n_{c,c'} \bar{D}_{c},\]
LaTeX source
\[ \bar{f}^{*}(\bar{E}_{c'}) = \sum_{c} n_{c,c'} \bar{D}_{c}, \]\[\underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(\bar{y}) \xrightarrow{\;\sim\;}
\underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(\bar{x}).\]
LaTeX source
\[ \underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(\bar{y}) \xrightarrow{\;\sim\;}
\underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(\bar{x}). \]\[\underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(\bar{x}) \to G\]
LaTeX source
\[ \underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(\bar{x}) \to G \]\[\underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(\bar{x}) \to G.\]
LaTeX source
\[ \underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(\bar{x}) \to G. \]\[\underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(D_{i}) \to G.\]
LaTeX source
\[ \underline{Z}_{\ell}(1)(D_{i}) \to G. \]\[e \to H_{\mathrm{inf}} \to H \to H_{\mathrm{sép}} \to e\]
LaTeX source
\[ e \to H_{\mathrm{inf}} \to H \to H_{\mathrm{sép}} \to e \]\[Z(G) = \varinjlim \operatorname{Hom}_{\underline{G}}(G_{i}, G)\]
LaTeX source
\[ Z(G) = \varinjlim \operatorname{Hom}_{\underline{G}}(G_{i}, G) \]\[\pi_{1}(X/k) = \varprojlim {}_{n}X\]
LaTeX source
\[ \pi_{1}(X/k) = \varprojlim {}_{n}X \]\[\varphi_{s} : X \times_{S} \operatorname{Spec}(\mathcal{O}_{s})
\xrightarrow{\;\sim\;} X(s),\]
LaTeX source
\[ \varphi_{s} : X \times_{S} \operatorname{Spec}(\mathcal{O}_{s})
\xrightarrow{\;\sim\;} X(s), \]\[e \to U \to G \to \Gamma \to e\]
LaTeX source
\[ e \to U \to G \to \Gamma \to e \]
\[(P, \xi) \simeq (P', \xi') \times_{G} G'.\]
LaTeX source
\[ (P, \xi) \simeq (P', \xi') \times_{G} G'. \]\[(Q, \eta) = (P, \xi) \times_{G} (G' \times G') = [(P, \xi) \times_{u} G']
\times [(P, \xi) \times_{v} G']\]
LaTeX source
\[ (Q, \eta) = (P, \xi) \times_{G} (G' \times G') = [(P, \xi) \times_{u} G']
\times [(P, \xi) \times_{v} G'] \]\[\mathfrak{z}(G \times G') = \mathfrak{z}(G) \times \mathfrak{z}(G')\]
LaTeX source
\[
\mathfrak{z}(G \times G') = \mathfrak{z}(G) \times \mathfrak{z}(G')
\]\[\begin{array}{ccc}
\pi' & \pi''_{\alpha} & \pi'''_{\beta} \\
S & S' & S'''
\end{array}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\begin{array}{ccc}
\pi' & \pi''_{\alpha} & \pi'''_{\beta} \\
S & S' & S'''
\end{array}
\]\[\begin{array}{ll}
p_{ij}^{\alpha\beta} : \pi'''_{\beta} \to \pi''_{\alpha} & \alpha = p_{ij}(\beta), \quad (ij) = \{(1,2), (2,3), (1,3)\} \\
p_i^{\alpha} : \pi''_{\alpha} \to \pi' & i = \{1, 2\}
\end{array}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\begin{array}{ll}
p_{ij}^{\alpha\beta} : \pi'''_{\beta} \to \pi''_{\alpha} & \alpha = p_{ij}(\beta), \quad (ij) = \{(1,2), (2,3), (1,3)\} \\
p_i^{\alpha} : \pi''_{\alpha} \to \pi' & i = \{1, 2\}
\end{array}
\]\[\begin{array}{l}
p_1^{\alpha} p_{12}^{\alpha\beta} = \operatorname{ind}(a'_{\beta})\, p_1^{\alpha} p_{13}^{\alpha\beta} \\
p_2^{\alpha} p_{12}^{\alpha\beta} = \operatorname{ind}(a''_{\beta})\, p_1^{\alpha} p_{23}^{\alpha\beta} \\
p_2^{\alpha} p_{13}^{\alpha\beta} = \operatorname{ind}(a'''_{\beta})\, p_2 p_{23}
\end{array}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\begin{array}{l}
p_1^{\alpha} p_{12}^{\alpha\beta} = \operatorname{ind}(a'_{\beta})\, p_1^{\alpha} p_{13}^{\alpha\beta} \\
p_2^{\alpha} p_{12}^{\alpha\beta} = \operatorname{ind}(a''_{\beta})\, p_1^{\alpha} p_{23}^{\alpha\beta} \\
p_2^{\alpha} p_{13}^{\alpha\beta} = \operatorname{ind}(a'''_{\beta})\, p_2 p_{23}
\end{array}
\]\[\begin{array}{ll}
p_{12}^{-1}(p_1^{-1}(E)) \to p_{12}^{-1}(p_2^{-1}(E)) & (p_1 p_{12})^{-1}(E) \to (p_2 p_{12})^{-1}(E) \\
p_{23}^{-1}(p_1^{-1}(E)) \to p_{23}^{-1}(p_2^{-1}(E)) & (p_1 p_{23})^{-1}(E) \to (p_2 p_{23})^{-1}(E)
\end{array}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\begin{array}{ll}
p_{12}^{-1}(p_1^{-1}(E)) \to p_{12}^{-1}(p_2^{-1}(E)) & (p_1 p_{12})^{-1}(E) \to (p_2 p_{12})^{-1}(E) \\
p_{23}^{-1}(p_1^{-1}(E)) \to p_{23}^{-1}(p_2^{-1}(E)) & (p_1 p_{23})^{-1}(E) \to (p_2 p_{23})^{-1}(E)
\end{array}
\]\[\boxed{\; A_{\alpha''}\, a''_{\beta}\, A_{\alpha'} = a'''_{\beta}\, A_{\alpha'''}\, a'_{\beta} \;}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\boxed{\; A_{\alpha''}\, a''_{\beta}\, A_{\alpha'} = a'''_{\beta}\, A_{\alpha'''}\, a'_{\beta} \;}
\]\[g_{s''} = g_{s'''}\, g_{s'} \quad \text{i.e.} \quad g_{s''} = 1\]
LaTeX source
\[
g_{s''} = g_{s'''}\, g_{s'} \quad \text{i.e.} \quad g_{s''} = 1
\]\[\pi_1(X \times_S Y, c) \to \pi_1(X, a) \times_{\pi_1(S, d)} \pi_1(Y, b).\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_1(X \times_S Y, c) \to \pi_1(X, a) \times_{\pi_1(S, d)} \pi_1(Y, b).
\]\[\pi_1(X \times_k Y) \simeq \pi_1(X) \times_{\pi_1(k)} \pi_1(Y)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_1(X \times_k Y) \simeq \pi_1(X) \times_{\pi_1(k)} \pi_1(Y)
\]\[\begin{array}{ccc}
X & & Y \\
& S &
\end{array}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\begin{array}{ccc}
X & & Y \\
& S &
\end{array}
\]\[\pi_s = \pi, \qquad \operatorname{Aut}(T) = \operatorname{Aut}(\pi/s) \simeq \pi
\quad \text{par } x \mapsto x g^{-1}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_s = \pi, \qquad \operatorname{Aut}(T) = \operatorname{Aut}(\pi/s) \simeq \pi
\quad \text{par } x \mapsto x g^{-1}
\]\[E = F(\pi_s), \qquad F(U) = \operatorname{Hom}_{\pi}(U, E)\]
LaTeX source
\[
E = F(\pi_s), \qquad F(U) = \operatorname{Hom}_{\pi}(U, E)
\]\[\mathcal{F}^{\pi}_e \simeq \mathcal{F}^{\pi}_s \simeq \mathcal{E}^{\pi}_{\mathrm{Ens}}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\mathcal{F}^{\pi}_e \simeq \mathcal{F}^{\pi}_s \simeq \mathcal{E}^{\pi}_{\mathrm{Ens}}
\]\[\mathcal{F}^{\pi}_T \simeq (\mathrm{Ens}) \qquad \text{car} \qquad
\mathcal{E}_{/T} \simeq (\mathrm{Ens}) = \mathcal{E}^{\circ}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\mathcal{F}^{\pi}_T \simeq (\mathrm{Ens}) \qquad \text{car} \qquad
\mathcal{E}_{/T} \simeq (\mathrm{Ens}) = \mathcal{E}^{\circ}
\]\[U = \coprod_i \pi/\pi_i \qquad \text{on a} \qquad \mathcal{F}_U \simeq \prod_i E^{\pi_i}\]
LaTeX source
\[
U = \coprod_i \pi/\pi_i \qquad \text{on a} \qquad \mathcal{F}_U \simeq \prod_i E^{\pi_i}
\]\[\begin{array}{lll}
H^0(F) = \Gamma(F) = F(e) & \text{correspond à} & E^{\pi} = \operatorname{Hom}(\pi_s, E) \\
H^1(F) & \simeq & H^1(\pi, E) \\
H^i(F) & \simeq & H^i(\pi, E)
\end{array}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\begin{array}{lll}
H^0(F) = \Gamma(F) = F(e) & \text{correspond à} & E^{\pi} = \operatorname{Hom}(\pi_s, E) \\
H^1(F) & \simeq & H^1(\pi, E) \\
H^i(F) & \simeq & H^i(\pi, E)
\end{array}
\]\[X \to X/G\]
LaTeX source
\[ X \to X/G \]
\[\hat{\mathcal{O}}_y \to \hat{\mathcal{O}}_{x'} \xrightarrow{\ \sim\ } \hat{\mathcal{O}}_x\]
LaTeX source
\[
\hat{\mathcal{O}}_y \to \hat{\mathcal{O}}_{x'} \xrightarrow{\ \sim\ } \hat{\mathcal{O}}_x
\]\[(X \times G)/H \simeq X \times G/H,\]
LaTeX source
\[ (X \times G)/H \simeq X \times G/H, \]
\[X_{(\alpha)} = \bigcup_{i \in \alpha} X_i, \quad \text{stables sous } G.\]
LaTeX source
\[
X_{(\alpha)} = \bigcup_{i \in \alpha} X_i, \quad \text{stables sous } G.
\]\[X/G = \bigcup X_{(\alpha)}/G\]
LaTeX source
\[
X/G = \bigcup X_{(\alpha)}/G
\]\[Y \xrightarrow{\ f_i^{-1}\ } X_i \xrightarrow{\ \text{inj. can}\ } X\]
LaTeX source
\[
Y \xrightarrow{\ f_i^{-1}\ } X_i \xrightarrow{\ \text{inj. can}\ } X
\]\[F(X/H) \simeq F(X)/H.\]
LaTeX source
\[ F(X/H) \simeq F(X)/H. \]
\[\pi^1(S,\xi;\pi)\]
LaTeX source
\[ \pi^1(S,\xi;\pi) \]
\[\begin{cases} P_i \subset P_i' \\ \xi_i = \xi_i' \end{cases}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\begin{cases} P_i \subset P_i' \\ \xi_i = \xi_i' \end{cases}
\]\[P' \times_{\pi_1}(\pi'', \varphi_1) \xrightarrow{\ u\ }
P' \times_{\pi_1}(\pi'', \varphi_2)\]
LaTeX source
\[
P' \times_{\pi_1}(\pi'', \varphi_1) \xrightarrow{\ u\ }
P' \times_{\pi_1}(\pi'', \varphi_2)
\]\[P/\pi' \cap \pi'' \longrightarrow P/\pi' \times P/\pi''\]
LaTeX source
\[ P/\pi' \cap \pi'' \longrightarrow P/\pi' \times P/\pi'' \]
\[\underline{\mathrm{Isom}}_S(E_S, T).\]
LaTeX source
\[
\underline{\mathrm{Isom}}_S(E_S, T).
\]\[\pi \longmapsto \pi^1(S,\xi;\pi)\]
LaTeX source
\[ \pi \longmapsto \pi^1(S,\xi;\pi) \]
\[H^1_{\mathcal{C}}(S,G) = \varinjlim_{T/S} H^1(T/S, G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1_{\mathcal{C}}(S,G) = \varinjlim_{T/S} H^1(T/S, G)
\]\[H^1(T/S, G) = H^1(K_{T/S}, G) = H^1(\pi_0(K_{T/S}), G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1(T/S, G) = H^1(K_{T/S}, G) = H^1(\pi_0(K_{T/S}), G)
\]\[H^1_{C_3} \simeq H^1_{C_2}\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1_{C_3} \simeq H^1_{C_2}
\]\[H^1_{C_2} \xrightarrow{\ \sim\ } H^1_{C_1}\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1_{C_2} \xrightarrow{\ \sim\ } H^1_{C_1}
\]\[H^1_{C_i} \simeq H^1(\widehat{V}/V, -) \qquad \text{pour } i = 1,2,3\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1_{C_i} \simeq H^1(\widehat{V}/V, -) \qquad \text{pour } i = 1,2,3
\]\[H^1_{C_5} \simeq H^1_{C_4} \simeq H^1_{C_3} \quad (\simeq H^1_{C_2})\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1_{C_5} \simeq H^1_{C_4} \simeq H^1_{C_3} \quad (\simeq H^1_{C_2})
\]\[H^1_{C_i}(V,-) \simeq H^1_{C_i}(k, -) \qquad (i = 2,3,4,5)\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1_{C_i}(V,-) \simeq H^1_{C_i}(k, -) \qquad (i = 2,3,4,5)
\]\[\pi^{\mathrm{I}}(X,G) \simeq H^2(\check{X},G) \simeq \varinjlim H^2(X_i,G)
\simeq \varinjlim H^2(\widetilde{X}_i,G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi^{\mathrm{I}}(X,G) \simeq H^2(\check{X},G) \simeq \varinjlim H^2(X_i,G)
\simeq \varinjlim H^2(\widetilde{X}_i,G)
\]\[H^*(\widetilde{X}_i,G) \Longleftarrow E_2^{p,q} = H^p(H_i, H^q(\widetilde{X},G))\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^*(\widetilde{X}_i,G) \Longleftarrow E_2^{p,q} = H^p(H_i, H^q(\widetilde{X},G))
\]\[\struck{\ill{}} H^*(\widetilde{X},G) \Longleftarrow E^{p,q} =
\varinjlim_i H^p(H_i, H^q(\widetilde{X},G))\]
LaTeX source
\[
\struck{\ill{}} H^*(\widetilde{X},G) \Longleftarrow E^{p,q} =
\varinjlim_i H^p(H_i, H^q(\widetilde{X},G))
\]\[\cdots \to \varinjlim H^2(H_i,G) \to \pi^2(X,G) \to
\varinjlim_i \pi^2(\widetilde{X}_i,G)^{H_i} \to \varinjlim H^3(H_i,G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\cdots \to \varinjlim H^2(H_i,G) \to \pi^2(X,G) \to
\varinjlim_i \pi^2(\widetilde{X}_i,G)^{H_i} \to \varinjlim H^3(H_i,G)
\]\[H^*(X^k,G) \Longleftarrow H\]
LaTeX source
\[ H^*(X^k,G) \Longleftarrow H \]
\[\mathrm{Ker}\,\bigl(\pi^2(X,G) \to \pi^2(X^k,G)\bigr) \simeq
\varinjlim_i H^2(H_i,G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\mathrm{Ker}\,\bigl(\pi^2(X,G) \to \pi^2(X^k,G)\bigr) \simeq
\varinjlim_i H^2(H_i,G)
\]\[\mathrm{Coker}\,(\text{id}) \simeq \mathrm{Ker}\Bigl(\varinjlim H^3(H_i,G)
\longrightarrow H^3(\widetilde{X},G)\Bigr)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\mathrm{Coker}\,(\text{id}) \simeq \mathrm{Ker}\Bigl(\varinjlim H^3(H_i,G)
\longrightarrow H^3(\widetilde{X},G)\Bigr)
\]\[\pi_1(\overline{F}) \to \pi_1(X) \to \pi_1(Y) \to e\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_1(\overline{F}) \to \pi_1(X) \to \pi_1(Y) \to e
\]\[\pi_1(Y) \longrightarrow G^{\pi_1(X)}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_1(Y) \longrightarrow G^{\pi_1(X)}
\]\[H^1(\pi_1(X), G) \longrightarrow H^1(\pi_1(\overline{F}), G)^{\pi_1(Y)}\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1(\pi_1(X), G) \longrightarrow H^1(\pi_1(\overline{F}), G)^{\pi_1(Y)}
\]\[H^1\bigl(\pi_1(Y), G^{\pi_1(\overline{F})}\bigr) =
H^1(\pi_1(Y), \mathfrak{z})\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1\bigl(\pi_1(Y), G^{\pi_1(\overline{F})}\bigr) =
H^1(\pi_1(Y), \mathfrak{z})
\]\[\pi_2(Y) \longrightarrow \mathfrak{z} \qquad H^1(\pi_1(\overline{F}), G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_2(Y) \longrightarrow \mathfrak{z} \qquad H^1(\pi_1(\overline{F}), G)
\]\[\pi_1(Y') \longrightarrow \mathfrak{z}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_1(Y') \longrightarrow \mathfrak{z}
\]\[H^1\bigl(Y'/Y, \mathrm{Hom}(\pi_1(\overline{F}), \mathfrak{z})\bigr) = 0\]
LaTeX source
\[
H^1\bigl(Y'/Y, \mathrm{Hom}(\pi_1(\overline{F}), \mathfrak{z})\bigr) = 0
\]\[G \rightsquigarrow \pi^1(S'/S, \xi; G)\]
LaTeX source
\[ G \rightsquigarrow \pi^1(S'/S, \xi; G) \]
\[\pi^1(S'/S, \xi; G) = \varinjlim \mathrm{Hom}(\pi_i, G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi^1(S'/S, \xi; G) = \varinjlim \mathrm{Hom}(\pi_i, G)
\]\[\pi^1(S'/S, \xi; G) \simeq \mathrm{Hom}(\pi_1(S'/S, \xi), G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi^1(S'/S, \xi; G) \simeq \mathrm{Hom}(\pi_1(S'/S, \xi), G)
\]\[G \rightsquigarrow \pi^1_{\mathrm{eff}}(S'/S, \xi; G)\]
LaTeX source
\[
G \rightsquigarrow \pi^1_{\mathrm{eff}}(S'/S, \xi; G)
\]\[K_i^{\xi} = \pi_0(X_i^{\xi})\]
LaTeX source
\[
K_i^{\xi} = \pi_0(X_i^{\xi})
\]\[f(p_1(\xi)) = f(p_0(q_2))\, f(p_2(q_1)) \qquad \text{pour tt } \xi \in K\]
LaTeX source
\[
f(p_1(\xi)) = f(p_0(q_2))\, f(p_2(q_1)) \qquad \text{pour tt } \xi \in K
\]\[h(p_1(\xi))\, f(\xi)\, h(p_0 q_1)^{-1} \simeq f(\xi)\]
LaTeX source
\[
h(p_1(\xi))\, f(\xi)\, h(p_0 q_1)^{-1} \simeq f(\xi)
\]\[\begin{cases}
f(i_1(q)) = \struck{1}\, e_G & \text{pour tt } q \in k_1 \\
\struck{\ill{}}\quad f \circ p_1 = (f \circ p_0)(f \circ p_2) &
\end{cases}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\begin{cases}
f(i_1(q)) = \struck{1}\, e_G & \text{pour tt } q \in k_1 \\
\struck{\ill{}}\quad f \circ p_1 = (f \circ p_0)(f \circ p_2) &
\end{cases}
\]\[h(p_1 q)\, f(q)\, h(p_0 q)^{-1} \simeq f(q)\]
LaTeX source
\[
h(p_1 q)\, f(q)\, h(p_0 q)^{-1} \simeq f(q)
\]\[\pi_0(k_{\ast}) = e, \qquad \text{« } \pi_1(k_{\ast}) = e \text{ »}
\qquad \text{i.e.} \quad \pi^1(k_{\ast}, G) = e\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_0(k_{\ast}) = e, \qquad \text{« } \pi_1(k_{\ast}) = e \text{ »}
\qquad \text{i.e.} \quad \pi^1(k_{\ast}, G) = e
\]\[\pi_0(K_{\ast}) = e\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi_0(K_{\ast}) = e
\]\[F(I) \underset{?}{\simeq} C(K, I)\]
LaTeX source
\[
F(I) \underset{?}{\simeq} C(K, I)
\]\[g(p(t_1))\, f(t_1)\, g(q(t_1))^{-1}\]
LaTeX source
\[
g(p(t_1))\, f(t_1)\, g(q(t_1))^{-1}
\]\[F^{*} : \quad F^{*0} \rightrightarrows F^{*1}
\qquad (F^0, F^1 \in \underline{\mathrm{Hom}}(\mathrm{Ens}, \mathrm{Ens}))\]
LaTeX source
\[
F^{*} : \quad F^{*0} \rightrightarrows F^{*1}
\qquad (F^0, F^1 \in \underline{\mathrm{Hom}}(\mathrm{Ens}, \mathrm{Ens}))
\]\[\pi^0(F^{*}) = F = \mathrm{Ker}\,(F^0 \rightrightarrows F^1)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\pi^0(F^{*}) = F = \mathrm{Ker}\,(F^0 \rightrightarrows F^1)
\]\[f^0 \rightrightarrows f^1 \Rrightarrow f^2\]
LaTeX source
\[ f^0 \rightrightarrows f^1 \Rrightarrow f^2 \]
\[\overline{W}_n(G) = G_{n-1} \times G_{n-2} \times \cdots \times G_0\]
LaTeX source
\[
\overline{W}_n(G) = G_{n-1} \times G_{n-2} \times \cdots \times G_0
\]\[\varphi_n(x_1, \ldots, x_n) = \frac{1}{n}\left(1 + \frac{p_1}{n-1}
+ \frac{p_2}{\frac{(n-1)(n-2)}{2}} + \cdots + \frac{p_k}{\binom{n-1}{k}}
+ \cdots + p_{n-1}\right)\]
LaTeX source
\[
\varphi_n(x_1, \ldots, x_n) = \frac{1}{n}\left(1 + \frac{p_1}{n-1}
+ \frac{p_2}{\frac{(n-1)(n-2)}{2}} + \cdots + \frac{p_k}{\binom{n-1}{k}}
+ \cdots + p_{n-1}\right)
\]\[U_j f = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \int_{B_j}
f(z_1, \ldots, z_{j-1}, t, z_{j+1}, \ldots, z_n)\, \frac{dt}{t - z_j}\]
LaTeX source
\[
U_j f = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \int_{B_j}
f(z_1, \ldots, z_{j-1}, t, z_{j+1}, \ldots, z_n)\, \frac{dt}{t - z_j}
\]\[T_j f = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \iint_{K_j}
f(z_1, \ldots, z_{j-1}, t, z_{j+1}, \ldots, z_n)\,
\frac{dt\, \overline{dt}}{t - z_j}\]
LaTeX source
\[
T_j f = \frac{1}{2\pi i} \iint_{K_j}
f(z_1, \ldots, z_{j-1}, t, z_{j+1}, \ldots, z_n)\,
\frac{dt\, \overline{dt}}{t - z_j}
\]\[P\omega = \varphi_n(U ; j_1, \ldots, j_q) \ast \sum_{\gamma=1}^{q}
(-1)^{\gamma-1} (T_{j_\gamma} a)\;
d\overline{z}_{j_1} \wedge \cdots \wedge
\widehat{d\overline{z}_{j_\gamma}} \wedge \cdots \wedge
d\overline{z}_{j_q}\]
LaTeX source
\[
P\omega = \varphi_n(U ; j_1, \ldots, j_q) \ast \sum_{\gamma=1}^{q}
(-1)^{\gamma-1} (T_{j_\gamma} a)\;
d\overline{z}_{j_1} \wedge \cdots \wedge
\widehat{d\overline{z}_{j_\gamma}} \wedge \cdots \wedge
d\overline{z}_{j_q}
\]\[P d'' f \;\struck{d'' P f} \;=\; f - U_1 U_2 \ldots U_n f\]
LaTeX source
\[
P d'' f \;\struck{d'' P f} \;=\; f - U_1 U_2 \ldots U_n f
\]\[r : R \longrightarrow \mathrm{Fl}_S\]
LaTeX source
\[
r : R \longrightarrow \mathrm{Fl}_S
\]\[r(X' \cap X'') = r(X') \cap r(X''),\]
LaTeX source
\[ r(X' \cap X'') = r(X') \cap r(X''), \]
\[r(\varphi(P)) \overset{\alpha}{\simeq} \struck{\ill{}}\; Z\]
LaTeX source
\[
r(\varphi(P)) \overset{\alpha}{\simeq} \struck{\ill{}}\; Z
\]\[r(P') \simeq Z .\]
LaTeX source
\[ r(P') \simeq Z . \]
\[P'/G' \simeq Z .\]
LaTeX source
\[ P'/G' \simeq Z . \]
\[s(C_{S'}) = Z^{\underline{a}}_{\underline{n}} , \qquad
\mu_{\underline{n}}(S') = \prod_{i \in I} \mu_{n_i}(S) ,\]
LaTeX source
\[
s(C_{S'}) = Z^{\underline{a}}_{\underline{n}} , \qquad
\mu_{\underline{n}}(S') = \prod_{i \in I} \mu_{n_i}(S) ,
\]\[\mathrm{Ob}(C_{S'}) = \bigl\{\, \underline{a} = (a_i)_{i \in I}
\;\bigm|\; \forall i,\; a_i \text{ une équation de } D_i \,\bigr\}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\mathrm{Ob}(C_{S'}) = \bigl\{\, \underline{a} = (a_i)_{i \in I}
\;\bigm|\; \forall i,\; a_i \text{ une équation de } D_i \,\bigr\}
\]\[\mathrm{Hom}(\underline{a}, \underline{b}) = \bigl\{\, \xi = (q_i)_{i \in I}
\;\bigm|\; \forall i,\; b_i = a_i \xi_i^{n_i} \,\bigr\}\]
LaTeX source
\[
\mathrm{Hom}(\underline{a}, \underline{b}) = \bigl\{\, \xi = (q_i)_{i \in I}
\;\bigm|\; \forall i,\; b_i = a_i \xi_i^{n_i} \,\bigr\}
\]\[s : C \longrightarrow \mathrm{Fl}_S\]
LaTeX source
\[
s : C \longrightarrow \mathrm{Fl}_S
\]\[M \longmapsto r(X \times_{S'} \varphi(M)) \big/ \underbrace{r(\varphi(M))}_{s(M)}\]
LaTeX source
\[
M \longmapsto r(X \times_{S'} \varphi(M)) \big/ \underbrace{r(\varphi(M))}_{s(M)}
\]\[(\ast) \qquad \alpha : R_S^{C_0} \longrightarrow
\varprojlim_{C_0} \, (\mathcal{E}|C_0)\]
LaTeX source
\[
(\ast) \qquad \alpha : R_S^{C_0} \longrightarrow
\varprojlim_{C_0} \, (\mathcal{E}|C_0)
\]\[R_S \;\simeq\; \varinjlim_{C_0} \; \varprojlim_{\text{sur } C_0} \,
(\mathcal{E}|C_0)\]
LaTeX source
\[
R_S \;\simeq\; \varinjlim_{C_0} \; \varprojlim_{\text{sur } C_0} \,
(\mathcal{E}|C_0)
\]\[\alpha(X) = \emptyset \;\Longrightarrow\; X = \emptyset ,\]
LaTeX source
\[ \alpha(X) = \emptyset \;\Longrightarrow\; X = \emptyset , \]
\[T \times \varphi(M) \xrightarrow{\ \mathrm{pr}_1\ } T
\rightrightarrows \varphi(M)\]
LaTeX source
\[
T \times \varphi(M) \xrightarrow{\ \mathrm{pr}_1\ } T
\rightrightarrows \varphi(M)
\]\[X = X_1 \sqcup X_2 ,\]
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\[ X = X_1 \sqcup X_2 , \]
\[A(M) = \emptyset , \quad B(M) = \emptyset ,
\qquad A(M') = \emptyset , \quad B(M') = \emptyset\]
LaTeX source
\[ A(M) = \emptyset , \quad B(M) = \emptyset , \qquad A(M') = \emptyset , \quad B(M') = \emptyset \]
\[A(M \times M') = A(M') \times_{s(M')} s(M \times M') ,\]
LaTeX source
\[
A(M \times M') = A(M') \times_{s(M')} s(M \times M') ,
\]\[F : C \longrightarrow (\mathrm{Ens}\ f) \quad \text{tel que}
\quad F(e_i) \neq \emptyset\]
LaTeX source
\[
F : C \longrightarrow (\mathrm{Ens}\ f) \quad \text{tel que}
\quad F(e_i) \neq \emptyset
\]\[X^E = \bigcup_P \alpha_P\bigl((X^P)^{\ast}\bigr)
\qquad \text{(disjoint)}\]
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\[
X^E = \bigcup_P \alpha_P\bigl((X^P)^{\ast}\bigr)
\qquad \text{(disjoint)}
\]\[(f^E)^{-1}\bigl(\Delta_y^{(E)}\bigr) = \bigcup_P \alpha_P(F_P)
\qquad \text{(réunion disjointe)}\]
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\[
(f^E)^{-1}\bigl(\Delta_y^{(E)}\bigr) = \bigcup_P \alpha_P(F_P)
\qquad \text{(réunion disjointe)}
\]\[(f^3)^{-1}\bigl(\Delta_y^{(3)}\bigr) =
\underset{n - 2d}{F_3} \;\cup\;
\underset{n - d}{\bigcup_{1 \leq i < j \leq 3} \alpha_{ij}(F_2)} \;\cup\;
\underset{n}{\Delta_X^{(3)}}\]
LaTeX source
\[
(f^3)^{-1}\bigl(\Delta_y^{(3)}\bigr) =
\underset{n - 2d}{F_3} \;\cup\;
\underset{n - d}{\bigcup_{1 \leq i < j \leq 3} \alpha_{ij}(F_2)} \;\cup\;
\underset{n}{\Delta_X^{(3)}}
\]\[\overline{F}_3 \cap \overline{\alpha_{ij}(F_2)} \;\cdot\;
\overline{F}_3 \cap \alpha_{ij}(\overline{F}_2) \;\;?\]
LaTeX source
\[
\overline{F}_3 \cap \overline{\alpha_{ij}(F_2)} \;\cdot\;
\overline{F}_3 \cap \alpha_{ij}(\overline{F}_2) \;\;?
\]\[x_1^0 \neq x_2^0 \neq x_3^0 \qquad\qquad x_1^0 = x_3^0 \neq x_2^0\]
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\[ x_1^0 \neq x_2^0 \neq x_3^0 \qquad\qquad x_1^0 = x_3^0 \neq x_2^0 \]
\[\dim X = 3 , \quad \dim Y = 4 , \qquad \dim F_3 = 1 , \qquad
\dim \alpha_{ij}(F_2) = 2\]
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\[
\dim X = 3 , \quad \dim Y = 4 , \qquad \dim F_3 = 1 , \qquad
\dim \alpha_{ij}(F_2) = 2
\]\[X'' = X \times_Y Y'' \simeq Y'' \sqcup
\underbrace{(X'_1 \times_{Y'} Y'')}_{Y'' \times [1,\, n-1]}
= Y'' \times [1, n] .\]
LaTeX source
\[
X'' = X \times_Y Y'' \simeq Y'' \sqcup
\underbrace{(X'_1 \times_{Y'} Y'')}_{Y'' \times [1,\, n-1]}
= Y'' \times [1, n] .
\]\[F : C \longrightarrow (\mathrm{Ens\ fini})\]
LaTeX source
\[
F : C \longrightarrow (\mathrm{Ens\ fini})
\]